Scientific Innovation in Asia

This study investigates the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) molecules on the Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2)/HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) pathway in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD), aiming to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of hydrogen sulfide therapy for PD. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was employed to measure the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) mRNA, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Nrf2 in the striatum of the mice. Additionally, Western blot analysis was conducted to assess the protein expression levels of TH and the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the striatal tissue. The results indicated that the expression levels of CAT, GSH-Px mRNA, SOD, and Nrf2 showed significant differences between the experimental group and the control group, with notable increases in TH and Nrf2/HO-1 expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, hydrogen sulfide can upregulate the expression levels of Nrf2/HO-1 in the cerebral striatum of PD mice, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Under the "dual carbon" vision, the concept of green transportation has become a key factor to promote the sustainable development of the transportation economy, especially in the field of railway transportation. This paper explores how new green transportation technologies can drive the innovation path of safety management and sustainable economic development of railway transportation. This paper analyzes the sustainable development path of railway transportation under the concept of green transportation, identifies the challenges that may be faced in the process of realizing green railway transportation, and proposes a series of coping strategies such as strengthening the research and development and application of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies, accelerating the pace of infrastructure renovation, and improving the level of informatization and intelligence. At the same time, this paper also pays attention to the basic position of railway transportation safety management, and emphasizes the importance of railway safety to the personal and property safety of the public. Under the guidance of the "dual carbon" goal, this paper aims to provide valuable reference for policymakers, industry practitioners and the public, provide theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the green, safe and efficient development of railway transportation, and look forward to the future development direction.

Background: Exosomes derived from plant embryo cells have emerged as key players in mediating stress responses in plants. This study investigates the functional roles of exosomes from Arabidopsis thaliana embryo cells in enhancing plant tolerance to drought and salinity stress. Understanding these roles could lead to innovative applications in agriculture for improving crop resilience.

Methods: Exosomes were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana embryo cells using ultracentrifugation. The characterization of exosome cargo included proteomic and lipidomic analyses to identify key molecules involved in stress responses. Plant stress tolerance was assessed through exosome treatment under controlled conditions of drought and salinity. Parameters such as relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, and expression levels of stress-responsive genes (DREB1A, RD29A) were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment.

Results: Exosome treatment significantly improved plant tolerance to drought and salinity, evidenced by increased RWC and chlorophyll levels compared to untreated controls. Molecular analysis revealed that exosomes contained bioactive molecules, including small RNAs and stress-related proteins, which were associated with the upregulation of stress-responsive genes. The findings suggest that exosomes enhance stress tolerance by delivering regulatory molecules that activate stress response pathways.

Conclusions: The study highlights the potential of exosomes derived from plant embryo cells to improve plant resilience against environmental stressors. The integration of exosome-based technologies in agriculture could provide a sustainable approach to enhancing crop performance under adverse conditions. Future research should focus on optimizing exosome production and assessing their efficacy in field settings to fully leverage their benefits in agricultural practices.

Big data in education has become a driving force for educational transformation and innovation, emerging as a prominent area of focus in educational technology research. In the context of big data in higher education, student performance analysis is a key issue that has garnered significant attention from researchers and institutions alike. This review provides a systematic overview of student performance analysis from the perspective of educational data mining. The process of student performance analysis is categorized into three steps: the acquisition and preprocessing of educational big data, methods for analyzing student performance, and the visualization and application of data analysis results. Various methods for student performance analysis and their applications are introduced in detail, summarizing existing research and providing insights into future research directions.

This paper aims to explore the use of "Internet+" technology to flip the traditional classroom teaching model in order to better enhance students’learning outcomes in the fields of medical microbiology and immunology. Through research and practice, it has been found that the flipped classroom approach can stimulate students’ interest in learning, enhance their ability for self-directed learning, and promote deep learning. This paper will combine specific cases with the latest research findings to propose more concrete teaching strategies and suggestions, and discuss how to effectively evaluate the application effects of the flipped classroom in the teaching of medical microbiology and immunology. The goal is to provide reference and inspiration for educational reform.

This document describes in detail the design and modeling scheme of the towering tower structure in the seventh national college students' structural design competition in Hebei Province. For the towering tower structure with horizontal vibration, this paper firstly interprets the competition problem and clarifies the design requirements and loading conditions, including three levels of loading: horizontally excited vibration, hydrostatic calm load and horizontally excited vibration of higher frequency and amplitude. Subsequently, the final model scheme was optimized and determined through material performance testing, component design and testing, structural modeling and analysis. In terms of materials, bamboo veneer and bamboo strips were used as the main materials in this paper, and their mechanical properties were tested in detail. The structure was modeled and analyzed by Midas finite element software, and the strength, stiffness and stability of the structure were comprehensively evaluated. During the modeling process, the focus was placed on the connection method of nodes, material treatment and detail construction to ensure that the model can safely carry and meet the design requirements during actual loading. After several rounds of design optimization and loading tests, the model of the towering tower structure in the form of truss structure is finally determined, and the model shows good force performance and load carrying capacity at all levels of loading conditions. The whole process of model design, fabrication and testing is recorded in detail in this paper, which provides valuable experience for the design of similar structures.

Objective To investigate the effects of wogonin on the proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells C666-1 and HK-1. Methods The inhibitory effect of wogonin on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells C666-1 and HK-1 was determined by CCK8 assay, and IC50 was calculated. The effects of wogonin on the proliferation and independent viability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell C666-1 were investigated by plate colony formation test. The effects of wogonin on the migration ability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were studied by scratch test and Transwell migration test. Results The results of CCK8 experiment showed that wogonin significantly inhibited the activity of C666-1 and HK-1 cells, and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase of drug concentration. Under the same drug concentration, the inhibitory effect for 48 h was higher than that for 24 h, and the inhibitory effect was dose-time dependent. The IC50 values of wogonin treated C666-1 cells were 37.15 μmol/L for 24 h and 20.75 μmol/L for 48 h. The IC50 values of HK-1 cells treated with wogonin were 29.09 μmol/L for 24 h and 20.46 μmol/L for 48 h. The results of plate colony experiment showed that after the intervention of wogonin, the number of visible colonies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells C666-1 was less and the volume was smaller. Scratch test and Transwell migration test showed that the migration ability of C666-1 and HK-1 cells was significantly inhibited, and the higher the drug concentration, the stronger the inhibition effect. Conclusion Wogonin can inhibit the activity, proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

This paper delves into strategies to elevate the global influence of China's western region's economy amidst current global economic dynamics. Recognizing the necessity for economic advancement in this region, the study initiates with an analysis of the prevailing economic development trends both globally and within China, acknowledging the smooth operation of China's economy against a backdrop of global economic recuperation challenges. Through a detailed exploration of the theoretical and practical significance, the paper underscores the criticality of this research. It reviews the existing scholarly discourse, noting a domestic focus on digital economy enhancements in the western region, contrasted with international analyses rooted in broader assessments of China's economic landscape. The document culminates in a comprehensive review, positing the study's contributions towards understanding and improving the economic stature of China's western region on the world stage.

College students are in a special period of physiological and psychological development and maturity. With the increasing pressure of learning and life, parent-child conflicts often occur, and poor communication can make parent-child conflicts more serious. Painting therapy uses painting as a medium to communicate with the individual's subconscious, thereby improving emotional disorders and repairing parent-child relationships. This study takes a female college student as an example. Through painting therapy, she learns self relaxation methods, assists her in mastering mandala painting therapy for self-awareness, alleviates parent-child conflicts, improves parent-child relationships, promotes reasonable self-awareness and self-acceptance, and promotes individual mental health and development. At the same time, exploring individual interventions in parent-child conflicts can also enrich research on painting therapy.

In order to solve the problem of calculating the efficiency of the heliostat distribution, based on the knowledge of physics and astronomy, this paper establishes a variety of physical parameter calculation models, comprehensively considers the relevant data and constraints of the heliostat field, solves and calculates the parameters of the heliostat field, and calculates the optical efficiency and output thermal power of the heliostat according to the relevant calculation formulas. In order to optimize the design of heliostat field, the optimal results of each parameter of heliostat field are obtained through multiple iterative calculations and comparative analysis by using the simulated annealing algorithm, which realizes the optimization of the heliostat field and ensures the highly efficient performance of the heliostat field.